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Peripheral nerve transection occurs commonly in traumatic injury, causing deficits distal to the injury site. Conduits for repair currently on the market are hollow tubes; however, they often fail due to slow regeneration over long gaps. To facilitate increased regeneration speed and functional recovery, the ideal conduit should provide biochemically relevant signals and physical guidance cues, thus...
In order to improve the blood compatibility, poly(ether urethane) (PEU) and fluorinated phosphorylcholine polyurethane (P‐HFPC) were used to prepare PU/P‐HFPC blends by solution mixing. The hemocompatibility in vitro was evaluated with protein adsorption and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) contact tests. It was found that the amount of adsorbed protein on surface was decreased by 87%, and almost no platelet...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major global health burden. Typically HCC responds poorly to chemotherapy, and such approaches to treat HCC are commonly associated with severe hepatic and/or systemic toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate a porous resorbable silica‐calcium phosphate nanocomposite (SCPC) as a controlled release vehicle for cisplatin. Particles of two different...
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, and is highly resistant to medication with up to 40% of patients continuing to experience seizures whilst taking oral antiepileptic drugs. Recent research suggests that this may be due to abnormalities in the blood–brain barrier, which prevent the passage of therapeutic substances into the brain. We sought to develop...
Control over cell‐material surface interactions is the key to many new and improved biomedical devices. It can only be achieved if interactions that are mediated by nonspecifically adsorbed serum proteins are minimized and if cells instead respond to specific ligand molecules presented on the surface. Here, we present a simple yet effective surface modification method that allows for the covalent...
A three dimensional tissue‐engineered human oral mucosal model (3D OMM) used in the investigation of implant–soft tissue interface was recently reported. The aim of this study was to examine the ultrastructural features of soft tissue attachment to various titanium (Ti) implant surfaces based on the 3D OMM. Two techniques, that is, focus ion beam (FIB) and electropolishing techniques were used to...
Injectable scaffolds present compelling opportunities for wound repair and regeneration because of their ability to fill irregularly shaped defects and deliver biologics such as growth factors. In this study, we investigated the properties of injectable polyurethane (PUR) biocomposite scaffolds and their application in cutaneous wound repair using a rat excisional model. The scaffolds have a minimal...
Because of their excellent bioactivity, bioactive glasses are increasingly diffused to produce biomedical devices for bone prostheses, to face the dysfunctions that may be caused by traumatic events, diseases, or even natural aging. However, several processing routes, such as the production of scaffolds or the deposition of coatings, include a thermal treatment to apply or sinter the glass. The exposure...
Von Willebrand factor (vWF), a glycoprotein in blood, mediates the adhesion of blood platelets and thus plays a crucial role in hemostasis and thrombosis. Functional coating of surfaces with vWF allows the investigation of in vitro adhesion of blood platelet. We used soft lithography to create a functional patterned substrate. vWF was printed on plasma‐treated glass and mica surfaces, producing elongated...
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe‐NPs) are considered for various biomedical and neurobiological applications that involve the presence of external magnetic fields. However, little is known on the effects of a magnetic field on the uptake of such particles by brain cells. Cultured brain astrocytes accumulated dimercaptosuccinate‐coated Fe‐NP in a time‐, temperature‐, and concentration‐dependent...
Anchorage‐dependent cells including hepatocytes, the main functional cellular constituent comprising liver tissue, require a substrate for cell adhesion when cultured outside their native tissue. The challenge with hepatocyte culture is that material substrates and designs supporting hepatocyte attachment, phenotype, and function are not readily available. Our laboratory previously published that...
In this study, we attempt to examine the feasibility of the bioactive tissue‐engineered sling by using muscle precursor cells (MPCs)‐seeded Poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) nanofiber sheet in a rat model of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). In vitro, MPCs were cultured on a PCL nanofiber sheet for one week, where the MPCs‐seeded PCL nanofiber sheet showed constant twitching contraction by electrical field...
Magnesium (Mg) alloys have been demonstrated to be potential orthopedic implants due to their biodegradability in vivo. To enhance its corrosion resistance and improve its osteogenesis, β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) was coated on a Mg alloy (Mg‐3AI‐1Zn) by phosphating process. In vitro, the human osteosarcoma cell line (SaOS‐2) showed significantly good adherence and proliferation on the surface...
Non‐fouling TiO2 surfaces are attractive for a wide range of applications such as biosensors and medical devices, where biologically inert surfaces are needed. Typically, this is achieved by controlled surface modifications which prevent protein adsorption. For example, polyethylene glycol (PEG) or PEG‐derived polymers have been widely applied to render TiO2 surfaces biologically inert. These surfaces...
Peri‐implant infections have been reported as one of the major complications that lead to the failure of orthopedic implants. An ideal solution to the peri‐implant infection is to locally deliver antimicrobial agents through the implant surface. The rising problem of infections caused by multiple antibiotic‐resistant bacteria makes traditional antibiotics less desirable for the prevention of peri‐implant...
A biodegradable polymer with surface properties that promotes cell attachment and host integration is widely recognized as a useful three‐dimensional construct for bone tissue engineering applications. In this work, studies were carried out to correlate surface properties of modified polycaprolactone (PCL) films with cell‐material interactions. PCL film substrates were subjected to various degrees...
The contribution of fiber alignment of scaffold on cellular mechanisms was evaluated by a comparative study of two different cells sourced from cornea. Electrospun scaf‐folds with similar composition and comparable fiber size were fabricated into randomly oriented and aligned scaffolds, which bear paralleled degradation of gelatin. Tensile test of wet scaffolds indicated that fiber alignment could...
Layer‐by‐layer polyelectrolyte films made of the naturally derived polysaccharides chitosan (CHI) and hyaluronic acid (HA) constitute a well‐studied system for the development of cell‐responsive biointerfaces. However, many cell lines exhibit decreased adhesion to CHI/HA multilayer films, particularly as the number of bilayers is increased. Here, our group demonstrates that films composed of glycol‐modified...
The purpose of this investigation was to develop small microspheres for delivering antimycobacterial drugs to infected host macrophages. Rifampicin‐based microparticles were prepared. The drug was covalently linked to acrylic moieties to obtain a polymerizable derivative for the preparation of materials useful as drug delivery systems that then were loaded with isoniazid acting in synergy with rifampicin...
Many biomaterials used in tissue engineering cause a foreign body response in vivo, which left untreated can severely reduce the effectiveness of tissue regeneration. In this study, an anti‐inflammatory hormone α‐melanocyte stimulating hormone (α‐MSH) was physically adsorbed to the surface of biodegradable poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres to reduce inflammatory responses to this...
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